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INTRODUCTION ON ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES: |
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| BACKGROUND: The systematic collection and treatment of wastewater started in the early 1900s. Progress of science established relationship of pollution to human health and the very existence of this world. Initially however pollution did not received much attention, as the nuisance caused were very low---low volumes of untreated water, as compared to large bodies of water. As human activities increased, management of wastewater became important. |
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| CURRENT STATUS: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Due to the increasing construction of additional secondary and tertiary treatment plants, there is tremendous increase in sludge production. Improved treatment methods, will be needed, so that there is less organic loading, consequently there is less sludge production. Landfill sites are now difficult to get, also they are being strictly regulated. Composting is being taken up as alternative, new technologies have been developed for stabilizing and distributing sludge as a soil amendment. Special sludge may have to be given, industrial pretreatment before discharge. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| NEW CONCERNS: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| The number of organic compounds that have synthesized now exceeds half a million and about 10,000 new compounds are added each year. All theses compounds find their way into the wastewaters, which may cause toxic effects even at very low concentrations. The number of such compounds that are not amenable to treatment or are slightly amenable to treatment with the conventional processes in increasing. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| EFFECTIVENESS OF TREATMENT: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
If we examine the treatment plant process performance in detail, with respect to ENERGY and RESOURCE use, operation and maintenance costs and CAPITAL costs. Most of the companies find that the facilities have not able to fulfill the discharge limits. More attention should be given to processes that conserve energy and natural resources. |
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| SLUDGE DISPOSAL AND REUSE: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| The ultimate disposal of solids and semisolid residues and concentrated contaminant is very expensive. Discharge into the ocean has been banned. Because of the concern for air and groundwater pollution, options of incineration and land filling are being considered. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| WASTEWATER RECLAMATION AND REUSE: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Though secondary treatment may be sufficient level of treatment for a majority of application, advanced treatments will be needed to open up opportunities for reuse of water. Treated water may be taken into use for land applications, gardening, industrial cooling, and such other uses as may be deemed fit, depending upon the analysis, of the treated wastewater. |
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| GASES LED IN THE ATMOSPHERE: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Most of the fertilizer manufacturing Company strip Ammoniacal Nitrogen gases and they leave it to atmosphere, as if nature is going to take care henceforth. Industries should not live at the cost of Environment. SO2 Gases having led in the atmosphere in some countries came back to them in the form of Acid rain . Depletion of Ozone layer is also a concern, but who cares for that. German Chemical Pvt. Ltd. has been warning companies in India and abroad to stop such activities, or have a day in a short span of time by nature. The Atmosphere has been spoiled, we have entered into the world of Global warming, If the Ice in the Antarctic melts down completely, we all will have to submerge underwater. This is due to the Carbonaceous Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere & polluted wastewater discharged in the ocean. The world should wake up before its too late. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
STRATEGY OF WASTEWATER TREATMENT AND ADVANTAGES OF C.O.D. ELIMINATION CHEMICALS, MANUFACTURED |
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| BY GERMAN CHEMICALS PVT. LTD.: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The trend in the industrial wastewater treatment sector is emphasizing on up gradation of plants to provide secondary and tertiary processes. This involves large volume of expenditure. There is also the problem of release of odours at secondary treatment sites, due to release of volatile organic compounds. In many cases, little or no information is available on long term environmental effects, caused by their compounds.The chemicals manufactured by us works to Eliminate most of the organic matter, at the primary stage itself. Different wastewater requires different treatment. The sludge generated in this process is negligible as compared to the conventional process. The sludge generation in the secondary treatment will be low due to lower organic loading. The sludge generated will be organic in nature and in certain cases can be reused, as against inorganic content in sludge, in the conventional process, which becomes a barrier, for reuse. Incineration is being widely used as sludge disposal method, In such a situation also, it will be amenable. ENERGY CONSERVATION will be possible due to lower oxygen requirement at the biological treatment stage. |
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| WHY TREATMENT IN ESSENTIAL: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Site Mantained By:Kismat N. Raval | ||||